Stanford Economic Review

Liza Poliakova, University of Oxford -- It was the Bretton Woods system of 1944 that established the dollar as the world’s dominant reserve currency. For decades after, dollar hegemony has been the bedrock of the global economic order, an ‘exorbitant privilege’ so entrenched it appeared immutable.

Matthew Hecomovich, University of California, Davis -- The public library, as an institution of social and educational resources, must adapt to the conditions of its time. As a locally and federally funded enterprise, it faces fiscal scrutiny and a need for justification.

Robert Deal, Gannon University -- Overfishing is a problem on a global scale, with added effect in regions with rich marine biodiversity, effectively posing a threat to marine ecosystems, food security, and the livelihoods of coastal communities.

Colin Chow, National University of Singapore -- When the Nobel Committee awarded the 2025 Prize in Economic Sciences to Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion, and Peter Howitt, it did more than recognise three scholars whose work reshaped how we think about growth; it cast a quiet but unmistakable light on an economy standing at a crossroads.

Tjai Yu Hui, National University of Singapore -- The artificial intelligence (AI) investment boom has been attributed as one of the key factors contributing to United States (US) and global growth this year.

Navtej Singh Kathuria, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign -- The United States is engaged in deep and fierce battles over education, healthcare, immigration and international engagement, yet both the Biden and Trump administrations have embraced an undeniable truth: cybersecurity tantamount to national security.

Ankur Singh, O.P Jindal Global University -- As fears of a U.S. recession grow, policymakers continue to frame economic policies through a misleading lens that conflates government debt with household debt and views trade deficits as signs of economic weakness. This flawed narrative has contributed to damaging fiscal austerity, misguided protectionism, and heightened economic uncertainty.

Aditi Desai, University of Mumbai -- While credit expansion and increased consumption reflect a growing economy in India, unchecked household debt accumulation can pose long-term risks. Addressing these challenges through a combination of regulatory oversight, financial education, and responsible lending practices is essential to ensure sustainable financial well-being for Indian households.

Colin Chow, National University of Singapore -- For today's major powers, openness has shifted from a stabilizing force to a perceived strategic vulnerability. Technologies such as semiconductors, artificial intelligence, and green energy have increasingly become geostrategic assets, embedding economic policy firmly within the calculus of national security. From Washington to Beijing, industrial policy is now crafted not primarily for economic growth or efficiency, but to secure technological primacy, mitigate strategic dependencies, and safeguard core national interests.